Maternal Depression And Its Effects On Many Individuals

Introduction Maternal depression can have effects on many individuals. It is a disorder that can have ramifications on women, men, children, and families. Maternal depression is not a disorder that just happens postnatal , this diagnosis can occur in the prenatal stages. It s estimated that 1 in 10 pregnant women and 13 percent of new mothers experience depression. Maternal depression is a mood disorder that begins before or immediately after childbirth. It affects a mother or fathers ability to adequately care for her young child (Wahowiak, 2014). Symptoms include changes in sleeping and/or eating patterns, irritability, mood swings, feelings of hopelessness and worthlessness, crying jags and difficulty concentrating. Unlike the baby blues, which typically last only a few weeks, postpartum depression lasts longer and can be more severe. In addition, a lack of energy, withdrawal from family and friends, unexplained anxiety, and certain physical ailments such as headaches and heart palpitations co uld also be symptoms of depression. On average, maternal depression peaks 4 years after the birth of their child .individuals experiencing maternal depression may also find that they are uninterested in the new baby or have irrational fears of harming them (Wahowiak, 2014). Individuals who suffer from maternal depression are less likely to implement safety measures in the home, such as the use of child safety gates, electrical outlet covers and car seats and they are less likelyShow MoreRelatedMaternal Depression in Women and Its Effect on the Family1097 Words   |  4 PagesMaternal Depression Depression is a prevalent issue among women. Approximately 25% of women in will have a major depressive disorder at least once in their lifetime and 15% of the female population will experience post-partum depression. 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Oil/Gas Pipelines Opportunities and Challenges Free Essays

Oil has become the most in-demand product in the world. It has become the center of round-table discussions, and never that a single day passed without it being on the news. Decrease in its supply could mean the downfall of nations, especially the industrialized ones. We will write a custom essay sample on Oil/Gas Pipelines: Opportunities and Challenges or any similar topic only for you Order Now This was evident in three world oil crises in 1973, 1979, and a brief one in 1990, which reversed the flow of money, making the oil-producing countries in the Middle East the vital force that could change the direction of the future of the world. Their cut-offs in production led to the creation of policies and rules on consumption, saving, and independence from oil. A nation, controlling the production, selling, and over-all management of oil, is assured of a significant posting in any field of the world’s lifestyle, but most importantly in politics and economics (Tanter, 2007). To become something like this, a nation should invest in ways on how to transport oil from its sources to its consumers, like the creation of networks of pipelines. Research and development projects have been carried out and continuously be done to meet the challenges in connection with oil and gas pipelines. One of these is the continuing drive to discover more oil and gas reserves locked under the earth or offshore. There are still many places in the planet that need to be explored. Even the most extreme environments should be included, like what they did to the North Sea. Designing and manufacturing pipes will still emerge as one of the important factors in the realm of oil and gas pipelines. Through the years, designs have been continuously improved to accommodate several factors like environment, and the nature of oil and gas. Researchers now consider the direct relationship of the size of the diameter of the pipe with the flow capacity of the product. Moreover, they also examine the expansion and contraction of pipes during the transportation of oil and gas due to significant temperature change, which could result to cracks, collapse tensions, and other similar effects. Materials will continuously be tested to determine the best for pipes. Though steel is already being used, improvements are still being done to test durability. Stresses and fractures, especially offshore projects, should be accounted for to minimize the percentage of failure. Cathodic protection against corrosion should be upheld to the highest level to assure the survivability of the pipes throughout the project. Terrorism attacks on pipelines will remain one of the most feared human phenomena. This is due to the fact that whenever pipelines are bombed or attacked, industries are affected. With this, countries should strengthen their monitoring schemes to ensure the safety and zero attack on their pipelines. Keeping with the laws of nature and environment also poses great challenge to companies engaged in oil and gas pipelines. Discovery of new sites for extraction will always encounter similar scenario with the trans-Alaska crude pipeline project, which was delayed for nine years, because the construction of pipelines was attached to environmental issues (Kennedy, 1993). Environmentalists will still be around the corner to watch the movements of oil companies. A greater challenge is on the side of politics and regulation. Better policies and laws covering the construction of pipelines, and transportation of oil and gas should be enacted to cover threats and possible failure-causing movements, especially in explorations crossing two different countries. Faster approval of laws should be done to maximize the economic potentials of the discovered oil and gas reserves. The greatest challenge could be the offering of affordable price of pipelined products to consumers. Companies must take note that the advancements they make with pipe designs and manufacturing, and the entire pipeline construction and transportation project, should go at par with the purchasing power of consumers, who are directly affected by any oil price hike. Since the drilling of the first commercial oil well in 1859 in Pennsylvania, the evolution of pipelines has gone a long way, though remaining as the most economical way (Kennedy, 1993). Oil and gas pipelines are efficient, using only 4% of the energy content of the transported product. This is far better in comparison with other modes of transportation like water, rail, and trucks (Dykesteen Frantzen, 1991). Higher levels of technology give way for the development of better pipes and more sophisticated pipeline networks. These could yield higher efficiency rate and better service for the people, who basically need the product in their everyday living. The construction of country’s own pipelines could spell independence from importing oil and gas from foreign countries. This could also alleviate problems on oil crisis, and cut-off on importation rate. This could consequently clip the country to economic prosperity because of the removal of the burdens of oil importation. Pipelines transport oil, and natural gas from extracting wells located in the different parts of the globe, including the most hostile areas like Alaska and Siberia. These products are then refined, and prepared for consumption by all citizens in all corners of the world. These products when properly used could continuously fuel the economic progress of any country involved with it. References: CBC News Online. 2006. The price of oil – in context. Retrieved 29 June 2007. http://www.cbc.ca/news/background/oil/. Dykesteen, E K Frantzen. 1991. Multiphase Fraction Meter Developed and Field Tested. Oil Gas Journal. 18 February 1991: 50. Kennedy, JL. 1993. Oil And Gas Pipeline Fundamentals. 2nd ed. Oklahoma: PennWell Books. Tanter, R. 2007. Pipeline Politics: Oil, Gas and the US Interest in Afghanistan. Znet. Retrieved 29 June 2007. http://www.zmag.org/tanteroil.htm. Tobin, J. 2006. Additions on the Capacity of the US Natural Gas Pipeline Network: 2005. Energy Information Administration, Office of Oil and Gas. Retrieved 29 June 2007. http://www.eia.doe.gov/pub/oil_gas/natural_gas/feature_articles/2006/ngpipeline/ngpipeline.pdf. How to cite Oil/Gas Pipelines: Opportunities and Challenges, Essay examples

Globalization Human Development Essay Example For Students

Globalization Human Development Essay Kazakhstan and Pakistan Abstract Globalization provides opportunities for developing countries to progress economically and increase human development. This paper defines the difference between economic development and human development and shows that Pakistan is at the low end of human development, while Kazakhstan is at and average level, considered a middle income country. Human development goes beyond measures of GDP, literacy rates, and life expectancy. Factors such as education, gender equality, welfare, and human rights are also very important. Introduction In this paper we discuss the economic, social, and human development of Kazakhstan and Pakistan in the era of globalization. For the purpose of this discussion, we treat economic, social, and human development as essential the same, in contrast to economic growth of the respective countries. The distinction between growth and development is important, since we are focusing on the impact of globalization and development on each countrys society. Economic growth refers to the increasing ability of a nation to produce more goods and services. Economic development implies that individuals of that nation will be better off due to changes in economic and social structures that will reduce or eliminate poverty. Economic development can be measured in a number of different ways including the Human Development Index, a Gender Empowerment Measure, a Human Poverty Index and a Human Freedom Index. All of these measures were developed by the United Nations Development Program. Globalization can have both negative and positive affects on a nation. It can impact levels of economic growth a country may experience, impact levels of unemployment or impact a countrys quality of life. While, theoretically, having an increasing national output means greater material welfare and a rise in living standards, it does not equate to having higher levels of well being for individuals in that nation. Economic growth can, in fact, have negative impacts on a nation including environmental degradation and the loss of traditional cultural values. It also may mean there is greater inequality between different classes in society, that is, the gap between the rich and the poor may grow. It is for these reasons that economic development measurements are also used. Economic growth as a measure fails to account for other important social and economic factors such as the size of the black market, domestic work which is not given a financial value, the level of damage to the environment and inequalities in income distribution. Various indicators have been developed to compensate for the limitations of economic growth measurements. Rather than just measuring the economic living standards in a country, development indicators measure the welfare of individuals in that country. The main development indicator used is the Human Development Index (HDI), devised by the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) to measure the economic achievements of a nation in combining economic growth as well as social welfare. The HDI takes into account three major factors: Life expectancy at birth: High levels of longevity are critical for a countrys economic and social well being. Levels of educational attainment: The HDI measures adult literacy and the ratio of people in primary, secondary and tertiary education. Gross Domestic Product per capita: seen as being a measurement of the ability of people to access goods and services. The HDI is essentially a score between 0 and 1. A score of 0 would mean no human development has taken place and a score of 1 is the maximum amount of human development. In 2001, Kazakhstan and Pakistan were ranked as number 76 and 144, respectively. Kazakhstans index was 0.765, which is above the world average of 0. 722, and can be considered a middle income country with medium human development. The regional index for East Asia and the Pacific coincides with the world average of 0.722. Pakistan on the other hand is ranked much lower at 144, with an index of 0.499. This indicates that the country is far below the world average and even lower than the average low income country with an index value of 0. .u87f2999b277a5fe6755401b25fed79ab , .u87f2999b277a5fe6755401b25fed79ab .postImageUrl , .u87f2999b277a5fe6755401b25fed79ab .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u87f2999b277a5fe6755401b25fed79ab , .u87f2999b277a5fe6755401b25fed79ab:hover , .u87f2999b277a5fe6755401b25fed79ab:visited , .u87f2999b277a5fe6755401b25fed79ab:active { border:0!important; } .u87f2999b277a5fe6755401b25fed79ab .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u87f2999b277a5fe6755401b25fed79ab { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u87f2999b277a5fe6755401b25fed79ab:active , .u87f2999b277a5fe6755401b25fed79ab:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u87f2999b277a5fe6755401b25fed79ab .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u87f2999b277a5fe6755401b25fed79ab .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u87f2999b277a5fe6755401b25fed79ab .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u87f2999b277a5fe6755401b25fed79ab .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u87f2999b277a5fe6755401b25fed79ab:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u87f2999b277a5fe6755401b25fed79ab .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u87f2999b277a5fe6755401b25fed79ab .u87f2999b277a5fe6755401b25fed79ab-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u87f2999b277a5fe6755401b25fed79ab:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Light In August By William Faulkner Essay561. It is also in the category of low human development and does not even come close the above mentioned regional average. Globalization can impact a nation in a variety of ways. A positive effect .

La Belle Dame Sans Merci Analysis Essay Example

La Belle Dame Sans Merci Analysis Paper La Belle Dame Sans Merci is an allegorical poem that uses folklore and tradition to represent ideas about life and impending death. These two contrasting themes are represented with the use of nature as a moderator for the authors imagery and diction throughout the twelve stanzas of the poem. We can relate the emotions conveyed by the young, dying knight to the author, who was also very young at the time and was dying of tuberculosis. Stanzas 1 2 Stanza one opens with an unknown persona in the 3rd person. This suggests an omnipresent, mysterious being that knows of the subject. The unknown person immediately addresses the subject as the knight-at-arms who is alone and palely loitering. This unknown speaker is an ambiguous character; he could be a mere passer-by that asks the knight what ail thee or maybe a voice inside the knights head encouraging the knight to pick himself up from a world where no birds sing. The author uses the environment to describe the state of the knight, for example, the withered sedge could symbolize the knights bad health. The second stanza opens, repeating the first line in the first stanza. We will write a custom essay sample on La Belle Dame Sans Merci Analysis specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on La Belle Dame Sans Merci Analysis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on La Belle Dame Sans Merci Analysis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The second stanza then goes on to describe the knight as haggard looking in a world where the harvests done. This incremental repetition shows a different perspective on the knight. The first description in stanza one suggests a whole world that is beyond repair, but the second stanza describes a world that has once been a good place to live in as the squirrel has filled his granary. Could this voice describing the first two stanzas have made the subject realise that if the world was once great, then why cant it be great again? Or could the ending harvest signify the end of the knights life and happiness? Stanzas 3 6 Stanza three opens with the 1st person, the poetic voice is now the knight himself. He sees a lily on thy brow, lilies are associated with death and this is what he foresees on his brow. Also on his brow are anguish and fever-dew, this could suggest that the knight-at-arms is angry at the fact that he is dying as he may be young, like the author, with a full life ahead of him. In that line is some consonance which makes an s sound: as the s sound is often linked with whispers and quietness, the knight may want to keep his anguish moist secret because he is an honourable figure, a knight, that must not be seen angry at what is happening to him. He then sees a fading rose on his cheeks, roses are associated with beauty and he sees himself fading away. The next line keeps this theme of flowers by saying that the rose, his beauty, is fast withering. The indefinite article is used to describe these two flowers: perhaps because he is not familiarised with these two symbols and they are not yet a feature of his person. Stanza four continues in the first person when the knight meets a lady in the meads. He describes her as beautiful and has wild eyes. In previous stanzas, the use of nature is a physical describer but it is now being used as a metaphorical one. In stanza five, the lady he meets looks at him as she did love and made sweet moan. The ambiguity of the line could suggest rape or intercourse; the sweet moan could imply sexual intercourse, or possibly a sweet moan of happiness that she had found love. If it was intended to be rape, then I believe an enjambment would be placed before the sweet moan as the situation would be a rapid one. The sixth stanza starts to hint that the lady is possibly enchanted or of magical powers as she sings a faerys song. As the subject takes her away on his pacing steed and sees nothing else but her all day long. This could have physical or metaphorical connotations that either he is close to her and looking at her all day or that the thought of loving her is so vast that he cannot think about anything else. These last three stanzas talk about what the knight does to the lady, but this will soon change to what the lady does to the man, possibly suggesting a change in domination. Stanzas 7 9 Stanza seven opens with she found me roots of relish sweet. This is different to the previous stanzas which open with I made, I met. I believe this suggests a shift in domination. Here we find another reference to her paranormal being as she seems to make a potion of relish and manna-dew and then says I love you in language strange. This could be expressing her love, or possibly a spell? Stanza eight opens with a change of location as the lady takes the knight away to her elfin grot. It is there when she weeps as something has suddenly upset her. If the reader believes that the poem is based on rape then it could be that she cries of humiliation that she has been raped. Maybe she has been raped as the young knight is dying and wanted to fulfil manly needs before his demise. On the other hand, the reader may think that she is crying because her true love is dying. Maybe the potion that the lady made was to help cure him, or maybe it has done more bad than good for the knight. We can t ell that he is about to die as in the ninth stanza, he is lulled asleep and dreams the latest dream he ever dreamt. This past tense suggests that he is writing this poem or stanza posthumously. Stanzas 10 12 The tenth stanza opens in the latest dream. I believe this dream to be a recounting, both physically and metaphorically, of the knights short life. He sees pale warriors in the place he is in, all death-pale suggesting that he is in a place of dead bodies, either a graveyard or the after life. He dreams of men of power kings, princes and warriors which could suggest what his ambitions were. He then hears them cry La Belle Dame Sans Merci, they have also been associated with the lady that the knight met in the meads. The starved lips described in stanza eleven may suggest that the lady starved them or enchanted them in ways that malnourished them, maybe not out of malice, but her enchantments did not work for humans which could explain the theory that she is crying out of guilt in stanza eight. The last stanza drifts back into the present, explaining the consequences of his dream, back in the world that he started in when he met the lady. The word sojourn suggests he may be there for a long time, and is possibly looking for another lady like the Belle or maybe even her. The place may be hell where people like the Belle trick you into love only to find yourself more depressed. The poem conveys the message that love can raise people out of the worst places, and that you should always take opportunities and live your life to the full as you never know when it is going to end. Theme The themes running through the poem are death, life, love and magic. The knight is about to die but goes about having one of the best days of his life by meeting the lady that he loves and she loves him. There is uncertainty whether the lady is enchanted o if the knight just sees her as enchanting with her love. Eventually the knight dies and reflects on his life. The contrast of themes in this poem is possibly one of the most dynamic contrasts existing, life and death. They create ambiguity out of simple concepts as they are so powerful and deep. The most important moral from the poem is that love can overcome death, even impending death, and that love can make even a dying person happy. Imagery The imagery from this poem is mostly created through nature and the comparison of livings things to allegorical things. The nature being described explains the way that the subject is acting and feeling, for example, the harvests done suggests that his life is done and it is his time to pass. The author uses naturalistic symbols, like lilies and roses, to explain the poetic voices situation and compares them with what they symbolize. Sounds As I described before, the author uses consonance to both appeal to the senses and hide a deeper meaning. Not only does the use of consonance is the phrase anguish moist give aural quality, but the s sound also implies secrecy of the anguish. With little alliteration, and strong sound changes, the poems words are thought about and spoken for longer than a normal one would. Structure The poem is written in a ballad and has the rhyme scheme of ABCB. Each line has eight syllables to it, with the last line of each stanza varying from four to five syllables. There are twelve stanzas of four lines, totalling in a forty-eight line ballad. The absence of contraction to fit the rhyme scheme proves that the author deliberated over each and every word. Diction The incremental repetition in the first two stanzas not only appealed to the senses as an organised piece, but also suggested deeper meaning and idea in the knights thoughts. The starved lips phrase also invokes thought as to why these people of high authority were starves, starved of air in a strangulation, starved of food, food that starved them? Authorial Intention I believe the authors intention was to convey his emotions through a fictional character that would allow the author to exaggerate certain aspects of his illness and pick up on certain feelings that he has felt during his short life. Knowing that he was to die as both his parents died of the disease that he contracted, I believe the author predicts the worst for himself and over stresses the situation. He, as well as the knight, is in love whilst he is dying and also feels angry that his life and love is to be cut short. Again, this may be a tribute to his lover as the poem conveys a message that love can even conquer death, and that his lovers love is helping him to live through his illness and dying process. My Response I think that the author has encoded his life into this piece and challenges the reader to look deeper into the poem to really find out more about his life. The poem starts off confusing, but as it progresses through its twelve stanzas, it becomes more clear how the author/knight is feeling and why. The morals that the author conveys are put across in exaggerated ways but with the knowledge of the authors illness, we can easily apply what is happening to his life. Whether he intends for the lady to be a person or just life itself, he loves it and proves that love is the most important thing in life. With this love of life, yet the anger of it being cut short so early, the author seems as if he can conquer anything, even a faerys child. We can apply this in our day to day lives, whatever we want we can have if we love what we are trying to achieve.